Combustion system for coke oven

ABSTRACT

A pair of fuel and/or air conduits, located just below the top pavement of a coke oven battery, carry fuel gas and air for decarburizing the gas riser ducts, and these gases flow downward through a conduit to a calibrated nozzle. The fuel gases flow through a venturi throat into conduits that terminate near the base of the respective flue where combustion occurs. Air is forced into the &#34;off&#34; gas header to provide a decarbonizing condition for burning out any carbon previously deposited in the gas riser of the companion flue during the &#34;on&#34; burning cycle.

J. v. ACKEREN CoMBusTIo'N SYSTEM Fon` COKE OVEN \UMN Sept. l0, 1974 3,834,993 COMBUSI'ION SYSTEM FOR COKE OVEN Joseph Van Ackeren, Upper St. Clair, Pa., assignor to Koppers Company, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Filed Sept. 5, 1972, Ser. No. 286,129 Int. Cl. C1011 1/06, 5/02 U.S. Cl. 202-139 5 Claims ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE A pair of fuel and/or air conduits, located just below the top pavement of a coke oven battery, carry fuel gas and air for decarburizing the gas riser ducts, and these gases ow downward through a conduit to a calibrated nozzle. The fuel gases flow through a venturi throat into conduits that terminate near the base of the respective flue where combustion occurs. Air is forced into the off gas header to provide a decarbonizing condition for burning out any carbon previously deposited in the gas riser of the companion ue during the on burning cycle.

Brief Summary of the Invention Two headers are located in the upper regions of the brick work of a coke oven battery at a level therein just below the top pavement. During the on cycle, one header carries fuel gas and the other header carries air for decarbonizing the gas riser ducts of the companion ues. After reversing takes place, the one header carries decarbonizing air and the other header carries fuel gas.

The gas from the one header is formed downward through a vertical pipe to a calibrated nozzle and thence into a venturi throat entrance to a downward leading conduit. Waste gas mixes with the fuel gas at the venturi throat and the gas mixture, combining with air near the base of the iiue, burns in the heating flue.

Air is forced into the other off header and into the downward leading conduit to provide a decarbonizing condition for burning out any carbon that may have been deposited in the gas riser of the companion flue during the previous on cycle.

Air is forced into the other off header and into the down-ward leading conduit to provide a decarbonizing condition for burning out any carbon that may have been deposited in the gas riser of the companion ue during the previous on cycle.

For a further understanding of the invention and for features and advantages thereof, reference may be made to the following description and the drawing which illustrates a preferred embodiment of equipment in accordance with the invention.

Brief Description of the Drawing In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a portion of an improved heating liue in accordance with the invention in the heating wall of a coke oven battery; and

FIG. 2 is a view along line II-II of FIG. l.

Detailed Description Referring to FIG. l, there is illustrated a portion of a heating wall 13 of a coke oven battery 12, which heating wall 11 is shown in FIG. 2 as being located between and forming a common boundary for coking chambers 13, 15. As may be noticed, the heating wall 11 is supported by a pillar wall 17 situated beneath the heating wall 11 and extending crosswise of the coke oven battery and lengthwise of the coking chambers 13, 15 containing freshly charged coal 1'9, 21.

The heating wall 11 is subdivided into a plurality of heating flues which, for convenience, are designated 23a,

'United States Patent 'O1 hee 23b, 23C, 23d and 23e, by partition walls 25a, 25b, 25e and 25d. The letter designation of the several ues and partition Walls is included to assist in identifying the passageways through which the gases, such as fuel,k air and waste gas, ow.

The flues 23 are provided with a base portion 27 and with sloping passageways 29, 31 that connect the ilues to conventional regenerator chambers 33, 35, which passageways carry gases in the manner and for the purpose described hereinafter.

The masonry structure of the coke oven battery 12, between the top 37 of the coking chambers 13, 15, and the roof 39' of the battery, is provided with a plurality of vertical passageways 41a, 41b, 41C, and 41d, which are inspection openings through which a visual inspection of the ues 23 can be made and through which the temperature of the liues can be measured during the' combustion cycle. Each inspection opening is provided with a cover 43 that seals the opening to gas flow, but which is readily removable and replaceable when inspection is to be elected.

There are in the masonry between the top 37 of the coking chambers 13, 15 and the roof 39' also a plurality of other vertical passageways 45, 47, 49, 51 that extend downwardly within the partition walls 25a, 25b, 25C and 25d. Each such passageway 45, 47, 49, 51 terminates in an upturned fuel burner 53, 55, 57, 59; the burners 53, 57 being designated high burners and the burners 55, 59 being designated low burners due to their relative vertical position in the flues. The terms high and low b-urners are well known and understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention relates.

The upper portion of each vertical passageway 45, 47, 49, 51, especially that portion located in the masonry at or near the level of the top 37 of the coking chambers 13, 15, is shaped as a venturi throat 61 which communicates with a chamber 63. The chamber 63 also connects to the companion flue by means of a cross passageway 65.

Within the upper portion of the Vertical pasageways 45, 47, 49, 51 there are conduits 67, 69', 71, 73 each of which terminates in an adjustable nozzle 75. The conduits 67, 71 connect to a horizontal conduit 77 disposed in a recess 79 in the top of the coke oven battery, while the conduits 69, 73y connect to a similar horizontal conduit 81 by means of conduits 83, 85 respectively.

In describing the operation of the coke oven battery, it is assumed that yilues 23b, 23d are the on llues while ilues 23C and 23e are the off dlues. In such a situation, fuel gas is conducted in the conduit 77 to the nozzle 75 which meters the proper amount that ows downwardly in the vertical passageway 45 to the burner 53. At the same time the gas flow through the venturi throat 61 produces a reduced pressure in the chamber 63. Wherefore, a portion of the waste gases in the flue 23b ow through the inspection opening 41a and the cross passageway 65 into the chamber 63. There the waste gases mix with and dil-ute the fuel gas to about the ratio of 50% fuel gas and 50% waste gas.

The diluted gas mixture flows downwards in the vertical passageway or gas riser 45 to the burner 53 where it mixes with combustion air llowing from regenerator 3S in passageway 31 and combustion takes place. The

`flow of waste gases in the heating wall is the same as in a conventional hairpin ue; that is, most of the waste gases flow through crossover ducts 87a, 87b in the partition wall 25a and thence downwardly in the companion off flue 23a. The Waste gases flow into the o regenerator 33 and reheat the check brickwork therein.

During the on cycle, decarboni-zing air is forced into the off gas header 81 and into the vertical passageway 47 to provide `a decarbonizing condition for burning out any carbon that was previously deposited in the gas riser 47 during the previous on or burning cycle. The de-9 carbonizing air also keeps the headers, risers and nozzles at a stabilized temperature.

Those skilled in the art will know that during the reverse cycle, the ues 23b, 23d become the ofi flues and the fiues 23a, 23C, 23e become the on flues.

The flues 23, arranged in groups as illustrated in the drawing, continue sequentially in similar manner throughout the length of the heating wall 11. The gases fiow and mix in the other ues not shown in the manner described herein.

Although the invention has been described herein with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure is made only as an example and that various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a horizontal coke oven battery which operates on the reversin on and off c cle, the im rovement comprising:

(a) elongated heating walls arranged in spaced apart parallel relation to from coking chambers therebetween;

(b) each said heating wall having a plurality of transverse spaced apart partition walls forming combustion hues within said heating wall;

(c) vertical passageways in the partition walls extending downward from the top of said coke oven battery each such passageway having a chamber therein adjacent the top of said battery with the passageway in alternate partition walls terminating in high burners in first flues and with the passageways in the intermediate partition walls terminating in low burners in companion second fines;

(d) each such vertical passageway having a venturi throat adjacent the top of said battery that communicates with said chamber in said vertical passageway; and

(e) passageway means connecting said chamber with a companion adjacent ue.

2. The invention of Claim 1 including:

(a) an adjustable nozzle in a uid conduit in each one of said vertical passageways, said nozzle directing fluid into said chamber and being axially aligned with said venturi throat whereby fiuid emerging from said nozzle is directed into said throat; and

(b) means for fiowing lfluid through said nozzle.

3. The invention of Claim 2 wherein:

(a) said liuid is a gaseous fuel during said on cycle and is decarbonizing air during said off cycle of such coke oven battery.

4. In a horizontal coke oven battery which operates on the reversing on and olf cycle, the improvement comprising:

(a) elongated heating walls arranged in spaced apart parallel relation to form coking chambers therebetween with (b) each such heating wall having a plurality of transverse spaced apart partition walls forming combustion flues within said heating walls;

(c) vertical passageways in said partition walls extending downward from the top of said coke oven battery, each such passageway having a chamber therein adjacent the top of said battery with the passageways in alternate partition walls terminating in high burners in first yfines and with the passageways in intermediate partition walls terminating in low burners in companion second flues;

(d) each such vertical passageway having a venturi throat adjacent the top of said battery that communicates with said chamber in said vertical passageway;

(e) cross over passageway means connecting the first flues with the companion second flues;

(f) an adjustable nozzle that is in a fiuid conduit in each one of said vertical passageways directing iiuid into said chamber that is axially aligned with each Venturi throat; and

(g) means for fiowing a gaseous fuel through each nozzle whereby said portion of the waste gas resulting from burning a fuel in said first flues are induced to iiow through said cross over passageway means and to mix with and dilute the gaseous fuel fiowing from said nozzle. Y

5. The invention of Claim 4 wherein:

(a) during said on cycle said gaseous fuel -fiows from the nozzles of said first ues and decarbonizing air flows from the nozzles of said companion second nues; and wherein (b) during the reverse off cycle decarbonizing air flows from the nozzles of said first fiues and gaseous ifuel flows from the nozzles of the companion second ues.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,973,015 6/1932 Pauitt 202-143 3,252,872 5/ 1966 Grurnn 202-142 j 3,431,177 3/1969 Schon 202--142 3,192,134 `6/ 1965 Bonnett 202-141 3,123,540 3/1964 Van Ackeren 202--141 3,261,763 7/1966 Tucker 202--141 1,928,607 9/ 1933 Van Ackeren 202-142 2,863,807 12/ 1958 Van Ackeren 202-142 FOREIGN PATENTS 800,010 4/ 1935 IFrance 202-139 WILBUR L. BASCOMB, IR., Primary Examiner D. SANDERS, Assistant Examiner U.S. C1. X.R. 

